18 He that believeth on him is not condemned: but he that believeth not is condemned already, because he hath not believed in the name of the only begotten Son of God.
Commentary: Since the context of this verse is world judgment this verse then refers to believing one not coming under the same judgment as the world. Because of applications of truth the non-Believer is already condemned even before Jesus passes judgment on them. They even know in their heart they are guilty before God (Romans 1:20-32)
19 And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil.
Commentary: In reality it is not Jesus or God that passes judgment on the world, but man's lack of response to the light and a desire to stay in their darkness is what judges man. The light of God is presented to man and in the presentation of the light is the righteousness of God. So, if the light is rejected so is God's righteousness. There is a choice God presents to man be corrected by the Light now or be judged by the Light (God) later. We will be judged by our works the evidence of our character and quality or the lack thereof
20 For every one that doeth evil hateth the light, neither cometh to the light, lest his deeds should be reproved.
Commentary: Jesus told Nicodemus those dedicated to darkness practice wickedness. They know they are not doing right, but have no intention of changing and doing right yet do not want to appear evil so they will avoid if possible any reproof of their evil ways. So they shun the light (what is good, righteous, and true) and avoid any contact with people of the light. It takes a work of God and His mercy and grace to break through the darkness and bring us to the light.
21 But he that doeth truth cometh to the light, that his deeds may be made manifest, that they are wrought in God.
Commentary: The Believer (not a Christian) who walks in obedience doing what is right, living according to the Holy Spirit is well aware the production of truth in and through their life is not of himself. "That his deeds" does not refer to the Believer's motivation, but a result of their continual approach to the light. This motivation and in coming to the Light is to fellowship and commune with Him.
22 After these things came Jesus and his disciples into the land of Judaea; and there he tarried with them, and baptized.
Commentary: Jesus leaves Nicodemus and with His disciples leaves for Judea where they rested and baptized people. In the Greek the word is "immersed" a better example of how they baptized.
23 And John also was baptizing in Aenon near to Salim, because there was much water there: and they came, and were baptized.
Commentary: This is a telling verse. Although Jesus was on the scene making disciples and baptizing John the Baptist was still baptizing continuing his ministry. John was still baptizing because there was much water. Earlier John pointed to Jesus and lost disciples as a result. Now in spite of having no pertinent message he continues to draw disciples unto himself.
24 For John was not yet cast into prison.
Commentary: The only thing that will stop John from baptizing is a forced redirection to place where there is no water. God has to put John in a place where there was no water to stop his interferences of Jesus ministry. John rebukes King Herod having his brother's wife which ended the process and landed John in prison.
25 Then there arose a question between some of John's disciples and the Jews about purifying.
Commentary: One of John's disciples brought up a question about baptism with the Jews about purifying. It was not clear what the question was, but what was clear was the spirit from the questioner. We must be careful to take on only the spirit the Lord desires to give us. Remember the operation of truth in and through us must be characterized by grace and revelation.
26 And they came unto John, and said unto him, Rabbi, he that was with thee beyond Jordan, to whom thou barest witness, behold, the same baptizeth, and all men come to him.
Commentary: John the Baptist was perplexed about Jesus and this was seen in the disciples. Instead of insisting his disciples follow Jesus he continued in his ministry. All of John's disciples knew of Jesus and I believe knew they were to leave John and go with Jesus, but John was very persuasive and they stayed with him even as John was imprisoned. All Godly ministry leads us to Jesus. The question we will be asked is what shall we do with Jesus.
27 John answered and said, A man can receive nothing, except it be given him from heaven.
Commentary: John was very noncommittal in his response. It is true a man cannot give what he has not receive, but John did not answer his disciples questions to Jesus identity, deity, and validly. John's belief in Jesus will finally come out while in prison.
28 Ye yourselves bear me witness, that I said, I am not the Christ, but that I am sent before him.
Commentary: Nowhere in the Scriptures does John the Baptist give Jesus the title "the Christ" or "the Anointed One." John drills into his disciples that Jesus is the "Lamb of God" which did not deeply register with them. John still holds out his ministry, "I am sent before Him," but had no revelation of who Jesus really was.
29 He that hath the bride is the bridegroom: but the friend of the bridegroom, which standeth and heareth him, rejoiceth greatly because of the bridegroom's voice: this my joy therefore is fulfilled.
Commentary: John had not been thrown into prison so John's faith and hope in Jesus had not blossomed or faulted. John's joy is not the fulfillment of his revelation converting words into action, but in the possibility. We can either rejoice over the revelation we have received from the will of God in our lives, but if we do not walk in it we miss the best God has for us.
30 He must increase, but I must decrease.
Commentary: John is correct his revelation is not far off. John knows he must fade off of the scene from the Light of the world, but he is not going to do anything that will hasten his decreasing. Even though his revelation is correct his sight for the need to walk in that revelation is lacking, or "want to" is lacking. He knows right, but does wrong. Sin.
31 He that cometh from above is above all: he that is of the earth is earthly, and speaketh of the earth: he that cometh from heaven is above all.
Commentary: From this point to the end of the chapter it is the words of John the Apostle. Jesus' source is Heaven like no other man. His authority and power come out from His Father in Heaven thus becoming the expression of Heaven. In contrast at the same time Jesus is an expression of the earth. He bears the image of the earth and expresses earth values, and lives an earthly life.
32 And what he hath seen and heard, that he testifieth; and no man receiveth his testimony.
Commentary: The perception and hearing of Jesus was heavenward. Man's is earthly not heavenly so they live for the lower level. Those who did had to turn their gaze and desires away from the earth they had to be free from earthly fetters which prevents a heavenly vision.
33 He that hath received his testimony hath set to his seal that God is true.
Commentary: The one who looks away from the earth sees and recognizes the truth and its source. Therefore, the testimony of Jesus is from the Father and the reality of Heaven is at hand. This concept is direct in ratio and proportion to our ability to receive this revelation. At the same ratio we can turn away from our love for this world and our self at that same ratio we can receive the revelation of who Jesus is.
34 For he whom God hath sent speaketh the words of God: for God giveth not the Spirit by measure unto him.
Commentary: God sent Jesus and God sends men. Most men are sent with a portion of spiritual understanding and takes the divine principles of God in their own words (logos), but Jesus was sent without the Spirit because the fullness and wholeness of the Spirit was already given to Him. Thus the more of the Spirit in a person the greater the "rhema" (spoken word of God) comes forth from that person.
35 The Father loveth the Son, and hath given all things into his hand.
Commentary: The word "loveth" here is agape or dedication. The Father dedicated Himself to the Son. The Father's dedication to the Son is so full and complete with nothing withheld. This measure is found in the Son for the Father a forsaking of self and a desire for the will of the Father. Therefore the commitment the Father has for the Son is complete and full nothing held back. The Son did not take anything from the Father He only took that which was given by the Father. So too for us. Our commitment to the Father will measure out what He is able to give us. What a lesson for us to learn.
36 He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life: and he that believeth not the Son shall not see life; but the wrath of God abideth on him.
Commentary: The extent of Jesus' relationship and revelation (both walk hand and hand) becomes the valid basis for belief. This belief is God's opportunity to lift the Believer above the earthly life to the degree that he need not abide under the Adamic curse. The gift to the believer is life eternal coming to know God (and not just going to Heaven some day) now in the present as Jesus knew God so complete and so full. God does not like disobedience. There are two things handing over the heads of those who disobey. One is the anger of God and the other is threat or danger of His anger being poured out on the one who is disobedient. Not only is anger involved, but the loss of the kingdom of God (righteous, joy, peace, etc.) and so much more.